Humble History of the COURTYARD:

Primative shelters were generally small, built of branches or bones for the structural element, and covered with animal hides, mud/clay, or thatching. In the center of the inner living area, was an open fire with an opening in the roof which allowed the smoke to escape.

This hut is from 15,000-10,000 BCE found at the Plateau Parain in France. Animal hides were suspended over a wooden frame and held down by stones. Note the central hearth.

A fancier version with two tents conneting.

Each hut had its own hearth.

Reconstructed mammoth hunter hut from Siberia.

Fire pits were centrally located.

The evolutionary step towards a "courtyard" followed as contruction skills increased and building materials became more varied. The small roof opening expanded into a protective inner enclosure.

This inner enclosure offered protection from weather, wandering wild animals, and unwanted human visitors. The space was used for cooking, sleeping, eating, working, keeping children safe. Often, domestic animals or fowl were contained within.

Traditional Asante home.

Ghana, Africa

Traditional Yoruba central courtyard.